A Quick Primer on Complex Numbers
نویسنده
چکیده
The physical layer is the lowest layer in the OSI network hierarchy. The services provided by this layer include digital-to-analogue conversion, modulation, demodulation, and analogue-to-digital conversion. From a vantage point higher up in the OSI hierarchy, the physical layer provides a virtual bit pipe for the transmission of information. Imperfections and perturbative noise in the channel, however, result in distortions and (possibly) loss of information in the channel so that information transmission is via an unreliable, lossy bit pipe.
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تاریخ انتشار 2000